Gemini Aims ‘The Cannon’ at Faster Spectral Analysis!

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“The Cannon” Spectral Modeling

Recently, Gemini South hosted a mini-workshop about a new data-driven method for spectral modeling named “The Cannon.” Anna Ho from Caltech led the session with coordination by Gemini Assistant Scientist, Blair Conn and Richard Lane, from Pontificia Universidad Católica (PUC).

The Cannon is fast, requires no physical models, and achieves comparable accuracy to existing survey data analysis pipelines but with spectra of lower signal-to-noise ratios.

During the workshop, astronomers from Argentina and Chile were encouraged to test The Cannonʻs code by running their own data sets.

“A key strength of The Cannon is that it can transfer information from high quality, high signal to noise data to lower quality, low signal to noise data. This opens up an opportunity for bringing qualitatively different surveys onto the same scale, critical in the large-survey era”, explained Anna Ho.

With Blair Conn

Waipahu Student Rockets to Hawai‘i State Science Fair

Waipahu High School student Diana Castaneda has been selected to compete in the Hawai’i State Science Fair thanks to her project titled, “Stardust and Black Holes: Star Formation Rates of Galaxies.”

Diana’s mentor, Gemini Science Fellow Andreea Petric, began working with Diana thanks to an outreach program last summer at the International Astronomical Union (IAU) meeting in Honolulu. The program allowed Andreea to visit four classes at Waipahu High School while on Oʻahu, and while there she offered to work with interested students looking for a science fair research project in astronomy. Andreea is currently working with three students at Waipahu High School all of whom are engaged in real research, and in the process, learned the computer programming language Python, and participated in regular teleconferences.

“My hope is that the students see that there are many good careers in the world for them. Itʻs important that they grow and strengthen a voice in their heads and hearts that tells them that they can achieve, even, and especially, when others may tell them that they cannot,” says Andreea.

In February Diana participated in the Leeward District Science Fair where she was told sheʻd be moving on to the State Science and Engineering Fair. Her project compares star formation rates to black hole masses to find connections between the growth of the black hole to the growth of the galaxy. Diana looked at sample sources of well-measured black holes and hypothesized that the paper from which the sample sources were taken had missed some star formation due to dust obscuration in observations made at optical wavelengths. She further hypothesized, and showed, that star formation measurements from far infrared (FIR) data can be more accurate.

Castaneda looked at samples of well-measured black hole masses published in the Matsuoka et al. (2015) paper. This is a histogram of redshifts (z) as observed by Matsuoka et al.

Diana looked at samples of well-measured black hole masses published in the Matsuoka et al. (2015) paper. This is a histogram of redshifts (z) as observed by Matsuoka et al. included in Castanedaʻs lab report.

The Waipahu senior completed this project as a part of her Science Technology Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) Honors Diploma requirements.

“… [S]he goes above and beyond my expectations and proves as a role model for other students. I wouldnʻt be surprised if she continues with a career in astronomy and continues her research beyond college,” says Dianaʻs STEM Capstone advisor, Tessie Lumabao.

Diana will graduate from Waipahu High School this May and plans to go to college so she can study physics or astronomy.

The Hawai’i State Science and Engineering Fair is slated take place at the Hawai’i Convention Center on March 28-30, 2016 in Honolulu, Hawai’i.

Good Luck Diana!

Journey Through the Universe 2016

Journey Through the Universe 2016

During the week of March 7-11, 83 observatory professionals consisting of astronomers, engineers, astronomy educators, and other observatory staff, will bring their passion for science into hundreds of local Hawai‘i Island classrooms as a part of Gemini Observatory’s flagship annual outreach program, Journey Through the Universe.

Now in its 12th year in local schools, Journey Through the Universe week is a collaboration with the Department of Education Hilo-Waiākea Complex, Hawai‘i Island business community, Maunakea Observatories and NASA. For a full list of sponsors, astronomy educators, and events, visit our Journey through the Universe page.

Check back for periodic updates throughout the week.

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The 2016 Journey Through the Universe community Ambassador volunteers gather to prepare for a week of educational fun. Ambassadors are an important part of the program and support our local classroom presenters as well as students and their education.

Friday, March 4th – Science Communication Workshop

Several dozen local educators and astronomy professionals joined together for a workshop at Hilo’s ‘Imiloa Astronomy Center on Friday, March 4th. The workshop, led by world-renowned educator Dr. Dennis Schatz, shared how to effectively communicate science to learners of all ages using research on how students learn science — and a good dose of fun, hands-on activities!

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Workshop participants shared what made certain learning experiences memorable.

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Participants engaged in an activity that modeled how prior knowledge and assumptions can obscure interpretation.

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Dr. Schatz (center) demonstrated an activity to encourage question-based teaching.

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Groups practiced their question based teaching skills with each other.

Monday-Welcome Reception

Today was the first day of classroom visits, and later in the evening, the Hawaii Island Chamber of Commerce and the Japanese Chamber of Commerce and Industry held a Welcome Reception at the Hilo Yacht Club for all of the Journey Through the Universe participants.

Gemini staff Peter Michaud and Alyssa Grace (black shirts, right to left) engaged students at Waiakea Elementary in an activity that simulates cleaning telescope mirrors.

Gemini staff Peter Michaud and Alyssa Grace (black shirts, right to left) engaged students at Waiākea Elementary in an activity that allowed a student to clean a telescope mirror with dry ice snow, just like observatory staff perform at the telescope.

NASA Solar System Exploration Research Virtual Institute (SSERVI) Director Yvonne Pendleton (left) handing Journey Through the Universe program coordinator Janice Harvey a significant donation to the Journey Through the Universe program from NASA SSERVI.

NASA Solar System Exploration Research Virtual Institute (SSERVI) Director Yvonne Pendleton (left) handing Journey Through the Universe program coordinator Janice Harvey a significant donation to the Journey Through the Universe program from NASA SSERVI.

NASA Astronomer Brian Day at Hilo Intermediate shares details on Mars and its features with students.

NASA Astronomer Brian Day at Hilo Intermediate shares details on Mars and its features with students.

Thirty Meter Telescope-Japanʻs Yutaka Hayano demonstrates spectroscopy for students at Hilo High School.

Thirty Meter Telescope-Japanʻs Yutaka Hayano demonstrates spectroscopy for students at Hilo High School.

Hilo High students observe various light sources through filters that separate the light into a rainbow of colors.

Hilo High students observe various light sources through filters that separate the light into a rainbow of colors.

Hilo High students explore the world through a small telescope that they assembled.

Hilo High students explore the world through a small telescope that they assembled.

Gemini Engineer Madeline Close leads an engineering activity at Keaukaha School.

Gemini Engineer Madeline Close leads an engineering activity at Keaukaha School.

Tuesday-Viewing the Partial Solar Eclipse

Gemini thanks the Canada-France-Hawai‘i Telescope for their continued support of the Journey Through the Universe program. This is the first year for the expansion of the program to incliude Honoka‘a schools! On Tuesday, March 8th, NASA scientist Brian Day shared his expertise on eclipses in a talk titled, “In the Shadow of the Moon.” The talk, at the Honoka‘a High School Auditorium was followed by eclipse viewing at the Lava Lava Beach Bar in Waikoloa.

NASA Scientist Brad Bailey talks to an engaged class of 4th graders at Honoka‘a Elementary School.

NASA Scientist Brad Bailey talks to an engaged class of 4th graders at Honoka‘a Elementary School.

NASA Scientist Brian Day engages 4th grade students with rocks from Mars.

NASA Scientist Brian Day engages 4th grade students with rocks from Mars.

NASA Scientist Joe Minafra shares rocks from space with a class of 6th graders at Honoka‘a Elementary School.

NASA Scientist Joe Minafra shares rocks from space with a class of 6th graders at Honoka‘a Elementary School.

Gemini Safety Manager John Vierra brought equipment that technicians might wear to keep them safe while they work on the telescope.

Gemini Safety Manager John Vierra brought equipment that technicians might wear to keep them safe while they work on the telescope.

University of Oregon Professor Scott Fisher at Hilo High School describing how telescopes collect light.

University of Oregon Professor Scott Fisher at Hilo High School describing how telescopes collect light.

Fisher also shared Gemini Legacy Images and our Career Brochure, which the students got to keep.

Fisher also shared Gemini Legacy Images and our Career Brochure, which the students got to keep.

Evan Sinukoff (left) from the UH Institute for Astronomy and Virginia Aragon-Barnes from the Thirty Meter Telescope directed students on how to "pace" the Universe, using their steps as measurements to each planet in the Solar System.

Evan Sinukoff (left) from the UH Institute for Astronomy and Virginia Aragon-Barnes from the Thirty Meter Telescope directed students on how to “pace” the Universe, using their steps as measurements to each planet in the Solar System.

Hilo High School students turn their gaze skyward to safely view the sun through special filters.

Hilo High School students turn their gaze skyward to safely view the sun through special filters.

Barnes encouraged students to investigate how the light from assorted gas lamps are broken up into a rainbow of colored bands when viewed through a filter.

Barnes encouraged students to investigate how the light from assorted gas lamps are broken up into a rainbow of colored bands when viewed through a filter.

Wednesday-A Hard Rainʻs A-Gonna Fall

The day started off a little wet and rainy, but nothing could dampen the moods of our classroom visitors!

On March 9th, at the University of Hawai‘i at Hilo, renowned NASA scientist Brian Day from the Solar System Exploration Research Virtual Institute (SSERVI) shared his expertise on Near Earth Objects (NEO) and how each year the Earth experiences multiple near misses. However, now, for the first time in the history of life on Earth, we have the capability to do something about it. This free, public talk was an excellent opportunity for our community to get a taste of what our local students experience during the week of Journey Through the Universe.

 

Gemini Astronomers Olivier Guyon and Kathy Roth (left to right) modeled how light hits orbiting bodies for students at Waiākea High School.

Gemini Astronomers Olivier Guyon and Kathy Roth (left to right) modeled how light hits orbiting bodies for students at Waiākea High School.

Subaru Astronomer Julien Lozi (left, black shirt) and Gemini Public Information and Outreach (PIO) staff Alyssa Grace (right, black shirt), modeled comets for students at Waiākeawaena using dry ice, dirt, colored sand, and corn syrup.

Subaru Astronomer Julien Lozi (left, black shirt) and Gemini Public Information and Outreach (PIO) staff Alyssa Grace (right, black shirt), modeled comets for students at Waiākeawaena using dry ice, dirt, colored sand, and corn syrup.

Gemini Science Fellow Jenny Shih helped students at Waiākea Intermediate School classify galaxies.

Gemini Science Fellow Jenny Shih helped students at Waiākea Intermediate School classify galaxies.

NOAOʻs Robert Sparks demonstrated polarization for students at Waiākea High School using polarized filters.

NOAOʻs Robert Sparks demonstrated polarization for students at Waiākea High School using polarized filters.

NASA SSERVI director Yvonne Pendleton used coin faces to help students visualize how the moon rotates as it orbits the Earth, keeping the same side facing the "Earth".

NASA SSERVI director Yvonne Pendleton used coin faces to help students visualize how the moon rotates as it orbits the Earth, keeping the same side facing the “Earth”.

NASA SSERVI Astronomer Brian Day (right) lectured about the prevalence of Near Earth Asteroids (NEA), their past history of devastating impact on the Earth, and what we can do about them in the future.

NASA SSERVI Astronomer Brian Day (right) lectured about the prevalence of Near Earth Asteroids (NEA), their past history of devastating impact on the Earth, and what we can do about them in the future.

Thursday-Career Panel and Building Galileoscopes

On March 10th, Doug Simons, Director of Canada-France-Hawai‘i Telescope (CFHT) facilitated a career panel for students at Waiākea High School. The panel featured local employees from CFHT and Gemini North, who shared their personal stories, as well as answered questions from students about observatory careers.

Thursday evening, Robert Sparks from the National Optical Astronomy Observatory (NOAO) led a workshop in building Galileoscopes for middle school students and their families. Groups built their Galileoscopes from scratch and were able to take them home afterwards to look at the night sky!

Gemini Software Engineer Angelic Ebbers challenged groups of students at Waiākea Elementary to put their engineering skills to the test in an exercise called "The Zip Line Ping Pong Ball Challenge."

Gemini Software Engineer Angelic Ebbers challenged groups of students at Waiākea Elementary to put their engineering skills to the test in an exercise called “The Zip Line Ping Pong Ball Challenge.”

Subaru astronomer Joanna Bulger (black shirt) showed kids how impact craters from meteoroids are formed and had them create their own craters.

Subaru astronomer Joanna Bulger (black shirt) showed students from Waiākea Elementary School how impact craters from meteoroids are formed and had them create their own craters.

Students from Intermediate Schools in the Hilo-Waiākea district and their families built Galileoscopes in a workshop put on by NOAOʻs Robert Sparks.

Students from Intermediate Schools in the Hilo-Waiākea district and their families built Galileoscopes in a workshop put on by NOAOʻs Robert Sparks.

Gemini PIO staff Alexis Acohido (right) assisted groups in putting together their Galileoscopes.

Gemini PIO staff Alexis Acohido (right) assisted groups in putting together their Galileoscopes.

Gemini PIO staff Peter Michaud (right) checked this groupʻs eyepiece and made sure the lenses were correctly oriented.

Gemini PIO staff Peter Michaud (right) checked this groupʻs eyepiece and made sure the lenses were correctly oriented.

Sparks assisting another group in putting together their Galileoscope.

Sparks assisting another group in putting together their Galileoscope.

Once the eyepieces are made, itʻs just a simple matter of sliding them into the Galileoscope before testing out their magnifying power!

Once the eyepieces are made, itʻs just a simple matter of sliding them into the Galileoscope before testing out their magnifying power!

Friday-Last Day of Classroom Visits

Gemini Astronomer Tom Geballe lecturing about the possibility of the Milky Way and the Andromeda Galaxy colliding.

Gemini Astronomer Tom Geballe lecturing about the possibility of the Milky Way and the Andromeda Galaxy colliding.

Gemini Astronomer Rachel Mason models the relative distances to the planets in the "Toilet Paper Solar System" activity with 3rd grade students at Connections.

Gemini Astronomer Rachel Mason models the relative distances to the planets in the “Toilet Paper Solar System” activity with 3rd grade students at Connections.

Information Systems Engineer Jerry Brower illustrated pixel resolution for students at Waiākea Intermediate School.

Information Systems Engineer Jerry Brower featured a simple representation of the Saturn Gemini Legacy Image, where the pixels are enlarged (low resolution) and only in black and white, to showcase how pictures are stored in computers for students at Waiākea Intermediate.

Gemini South Intern Focuses on the Age of a Massive Star Cluster

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Morten Andersen (left) during a data reduction training session with intern Benjamin Courtney-Barrer (right).

Benjamin Courtney-Barrer, a Gemini South intern from the Australian National University, is immersed in Flamingos-2 data on a Milky Way massive star cluster. His goal: to determine the cluster’s age and ultimately its origin.

Benjamin’s mentor, assistant astronomer Morten Andersen explains that these data are being combined with photometry from deep near-infrared imaging for the individual stars being studied. “Knowledge of the colors and brightnesses of each object is then used to infer the age of the cluster,” says Andersen.

Star clusters contain tens of thousands of tightly packed stars and it is this crowded environment that makes them so challenging to study. The best observing conditions are needed to resolve individual stars and obtain the quality data that Benjamin needs for his work.

Benjamin explains that these objects are important tracers of star formation and dynamics of our galaxy and can ultimately reveal details on the formation and evolution of the Milky Way Galaxy. “Massive star clusters are a kind of astronomical fossil that helps astronomers unveil the formation process in our galaxy, and possibly other galaxies as well,” concludes Benjamin.

– With Morten Andersen and Benjamin Courtney-Barrer

Gemini South Intern Probes a Nearby Galactic Halo

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Gemini South Intern Samuel Hinton (right) and Gemini Science Fellow Ricardo Salinas (left) join efforts to better understand galactic halos by studying globular clusters in the giant elliptical galaxy Maffei 1.

Although it is the closest giant elliptical galaxy to Earth, at a distance of about 10 million light years, scientists know very little about Maffei 1 as opposed to the photogenic Centaurus A, the second closest elliptical galaxy to us. Maffei 1, located in the same line of sight as the galactic disc of the Milky Way, is heavily obscured by gas and dust, and hidden behind a thick curtain of stars from our galaxy.

That’s why Samuel Hinton, from the University of Queensland, Australia, initiated his internship at Gemini South. His goal: to produce a list of globular cluster candidates, and their properties, in Maffei 1.

Hinton’s mentor, Gemini Science Fellow Ricardo Salinas, explains that globular clusters are the beacons that guide us in our understanding of galactic halos.

“At the distance of Maffei 1, these clusters appear more than a hundred times smaller than the ones we observe in our own galaxy,” says Salinas. “However, the use of sub-arcsecond images allow globular clusters to be ‘resolved,’ that is, they look slightly more extended than stars – but only slightly!” Salinas explains, and adds that, “Separating stars in our galaxy, globular clusters in Maffei 1, and background galaxies in an automatic fashion is a difficult job.”

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The central 7 arcminutes of Maffei 1, heavily obscured by dust from our galaxy. The globular cluster system extends for tens of arcminutes.

For this reason, Hinton developed a data pipeline to classify Maffei 1 globular clusters using a machine learning processes. Using this, Hinton and Salinas can extract the globular cluster’s physical properties using photometric analysis. Fewer than 20 globular clusters in Maffei 1 have been studied in prior papers, “but one would expect the total number of globulars should be close to a thousand,” says Salinas.

This work will pave the way for a number of spectroscopic followup studies to determine which candidates actually belong to Maffei 1, as well as wider field studies encompassing the whole globular cluster system of Maffei 1. Additionally, higher resolution spectroscopy of massive global clusters will help to understand their internal kinematics, and the search for the ever-elusive intermediate mass black holes.

– With Ricardo Salinas and Samuel Hinton.